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Ethernet networks
The Adapters
Ethernet network adapters
usually come in PCI ,USB, and PCCard (for laptops) versions – don’t bother
with an ISA Ethernet card unless you have no more PCI slots. PCI adapters
are VERY fast and inexpensive but require you to open your computer. USB
to Ethernet adapters plug into an USB port on your computer so setup
is a snap. USB to Ethernet adapters are limited by the speed of the USB
port (12Mbps) so don’t expect 100Mbps speeds! (link: bus
speeds explained)(link: network
speeds explained
) The Connections
Connections between computers are made with Ethernet
cables. These cables have ends on them called RJ-45 connectors. When
selecting Ethernet cables, be sure to get good quality cable. The quality
of the cable can be determined by the CAT rating. CAT5, CAT5e or CAT6
cable is good.  The most common is CAT5. Make sure you do not
purchase ‘bulk’ Ethernet cable unless you have special tools to put the
RJ-45 ends on yourself. When more than 2 computers need
to be connected, an Ethernet HUB or Ethernet SWITCH is needed. Hubs and
switches are special boxes where all your cables get connected. (link: hubs
and switches explained
)  If you only need 2 computers connected to each other,
a hub is not necessary. Instead, a special Ethernet cable called a
crossover cable is used. (link: crossover
cables explained
) Link Lights
Hubs, switches, and sometimes Ethernet cards have
small indicator lights called link lights. These lights tell you when you
have everything connected correctly. Often, these lights will not come on
until your computer has the proper network drivers installed.
Network Drivers
Each operating system and each network card has its
own install procedure. Please follow the directions that came with your
network card to install your network drivers.  Shopping
List
For three computers
one hub or switch
three ethernet network adapters
three ethernet cables.
For two computers you will need
Option 1:
one hub or switch
two ethernet network adapters
two ethernet cables
or Option 2
two ethernet network adapters
one ethernet crossover cable
Check for Conflicts!
The most common problem with
network cards is an IRQ conflict. Before configuring your network,
it is best to check for and resolve any IRQ conflicts relating to your
network card. This page
will help you with this. | 
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